Each breed describes varieties (colors and patterns) independently in the ARBA Standard. As a result, the same color may be called by different names in different breeds ... and sometimes the same name means something different in 2 different breeds. While I haven't personally worked with ALL these breeds I developed the following to help anyone wanting to 'translate' the genetics to different breeds. Updated to the 2021 ARBA SOP (with info from the 2021 and 2022 conventions).
Rabbit Colors Across Breeds
Selfs
Black - usually aaB-C-D-E-. Rare in the US (more common in Europe), the dominant black gene (--B-C-D-Ed) also results in a rabbit that appears black -- Ed is noted to occur in the US population of English spots and may be in derivative breeds such as checkered giants as well as crosses. 'Double-steels' (--B-C-D-EsEs) and self-steels (aaB-C-D-Es-) appear black - these are common in breeds that accept steel, rare in other breeds. Self-chins aaB-chd-D-E- are black, though often faded. Seals aaB-chlchlD-E- also sometimes pass for black, particularly in breeds that don't recognize seal as a distinct color, though they should have a distinct 'brownish' tone. Medium chin (chm) is an alternative allele of the C-series common in satins (and rare in many other breeds) can also result in a shade dark enough to be mistaken for black (aaB-chm-D-E- can appear near-black, seal or shaded).
Blue - the dd dilution of black, usually aaB-C-ddE-. Any of the rarer genotypes that give black will give blue if dd is substituted for D- (including --B-C-ddEd-). Breeds vary significantly in the shade of blue preferred (which is controlled by modifiers).
Chocolate - an alternative form of eumelanin, usually aabbC-D-E-. Any of the rarer genotypes that give black will give chocolate when bb is substituted for B- (including --bbC-D-Ed-). Because the chocolate form of eumelanin is not as temperature sensitive, aabbchl-D-E- can also appear chocolate rather than shading, though eye colors are often 'off'. Breeds vary significantly in the shade of chocolate preferred (which is controlled by modifiers).
Lilac - the dd dilution of chocolate, usually aabbC-ddE-. Any of the rarer genotypes that give chocolate will give lilac when dd is substituted for D- (including --bbC-ddEd-). Breeds vary significantly in the shade of lilac preferred (which is controlled by modifiers) - from very dark near-blue to an almost pink color.
Seal - usually aaB-chlchlD-E-. aaB-chd-D-E- and aaB-chm-D-E- frequently 'pass' for seal. Very dark sables (aaB-chl-D-E- + umbrous modifiers) may pass for seal as well.
Blue-Eyed White (BEW - AFL, Britannia Petite, English, French and Satin Angoras, Holland lop, Jersey wooly, Minirex, Netherland Dwarf, Polish) - the homozygous recessive vv genotype is epistatic and can mask any combination of the core 5 color genes EXCEPT cc (see REW). BEW may or may not be genetic self (aa)
Ruby-eyed White (REW) - the homozygous recessive cc genotype is epistatic and can mask any combination of the other 4 color genes as well as V- and vv. REW may or may not be genetic self (aa)
White - English, French and Mini-lops refer to both REW and BEW as 'white' (with either eye color accepted for show). In Beverens and Britannia Petite, white means BEW (with REW not accepted for show). In Americans, Flemish giants, Florida Whites, Minisatin, New Zealands, Rex and Satin white means REW (with BEW not accepted for show). White may or may not be genetic self (aa)
Red (Thrianta) - In Thrianta, modifiers are used to shift agouti marks (including belly color) to as close as possible to a true self color (solid red with little to no lighter color) and they can be either black OR chocolate based. Despite this, red is NEVER a genetic self (aa would change red to tort). Thriantas can be A--C-D-ee + ww + modifiers OR at---C-D-ee + ww + modifiers.
Self-chin - aa--chd---E- not officially showable under this name in any breed, but often can be shown as seal or the corresponding self color. 'self chin' frequently appears as a color name on pedigrees.
Blue - the dd dilution of black, usually aaB-C-ddE-. Any of the rarer genotypes that give black will give blue if dd is substituted for D- (including --B-C-ddEd-). Breeds vary significantly in the shade of blue preferred (which is controlled by modifiers).
Chocolate - an alternative form of eumelanin, usually aabbC-D-E-. Any of the rarer genotypes that give black will give chocolate when bb is substituted for B- (including --bbC-D-Ed-). Because the chocolate form of eumelanin is not as temperature sensitive, aabbchl-D-E- can also appear chocolate rather than shading, though eye colors are often 'off'. Breeds vary significantly in the shade of chocolate preferred (which is controlled by modifiers).
Lilac - the dd dilution of chocolate, usually aabbC-ddE-. Any of the rarer genotypes that give chocolate will give lilac when dd is substituted for D- (including --bbC-ddEd-). Breeds vary significantly in the shade of lilac preferred (which is controlled by modifiers) - from very dark near-blue to an almost pink color.
Seal - usually aaB-chlchlD-E-. aaB-chd-D-E- and aaB-chm-D-E- frequently 'pass' for seal. Very dark sables (aaB-chl-D-E- + umbrous modifiers) may pass for seal as well.
Blue-Eyed White (BEW - AFL, Britannia Petite, English, French and Satin Angoras, Holland lop, Jersey wooly, Minirex, Netherland Dwarf, Polish) - the homozygous recessive vv genotype is epistatic and can mask any combination of the core 5 color genes EXCEPT cc (see REW). BEW may or may not be genetic self (aa)
Ruby-eyed White (REW) - the homozygous recessive cc genotype is epistatic and can mask any combination of the other 4 color genes as well as V- and vv. REW may or may not be genetic self (aa)
White - English, French and Mini-lops refer to both REW and BEW as 'white' (with either eye color accepted for show). In Beverens and Britannia Petite, white means BEW (with REW not accepted for show). In Americans, Flemish giants, Florida Whites, Minisatin, New Zealands, Rex and Satin white means REW (with BEW not accepted for show). White may or may not be genetic self (aa)
Red (Thrianta) - In Thrianta, modifiers are used to shift agouti marks (including belly color) to as close as possible to a true self color (solid red with little to no lighter color) and they can be either black OR chocolate based. Despite this, red is NEVER a genetic self (aa would change red to tort). Thriantas can be A--C-D-ee + ww + modifiers OR at---C-D-ee + ww + modifiers.
Self-chin - aa--chd---E- not officially showable under this name in any breed, but often can be shown as seal or the corresponding self color. 'self chin' frequently appears as a color name on pedigrees.
Within this chart, the following breeds (M) require specific markings (see markings section below) although the varieties are referred to by these self color names ... Blanc de hotot and Dwarf hotot (color restricted to eyebands), Champagne d'argent and silver and silver fox (silvered), checkered giant and English spot and rhinelander (color restricted to a specific pattern of spots), Dutch (specific white markings), Harlequin (patched - usually genetic agouti).
* English, French and Minilops allow for silvering (as a separate variety) over black, blue, chocolate and fawn base colors.
** Within the harlequin breed the Japanese varieties are base color plus orange/cream (C-) and the magpie varieties are with white (cchd-).
Breeds marked with (B) allow for broken in all accepted varieties. The following breeds also accept tricolor: Holland lop, English lop, French lop, Minilop, Minirex, & Rex.
* English, French and Minilops allow for silvering (as a separate variety) over black, blue, chocolate and fawn base colors.
** Within the harlequin breed the Japanese varieties are base color plus orange/cream (C-) and the magpie varieties are with white (cchd-).
Breeds marked with (B) allow for broken in all accepted varieties. The following breeds also accept tricolor: Holland lop, English lop, French lop, Minilop, Minirex, & Rex.
Temperature Sensitive Genotypes
The biochemical products of aa and ee interact in a temperature sensitive fashion, when combined the aa + ee genotype appears shaded (loss of eumelanin over the main body). Chm and chl alleles are directly temperature sensitive, shading of eumelanin (less over the body) as well as total loss of phaeomelanin. Although not typically called shaded, the ch allele is also extremely temperature sensitive, restricting eumelanin color to the points (as well as eliminating phaeomelanin). Interaction of the two types (aa + ee and chl-) can afffect the degree of shading (e.g., aa chl- ee genotypes tend to be extremely light with color only on the points, aa ch- ee rarely have even full point color). Amount and definition of shading is subject to modifier genes as well.
Siamese (Satin and Minisatin ONLY) - aachd-ee preferred and most common. aaB-chm-D-ee and aaB-chm-D-E- and aaB-chl-D-E- are similar color and likely to pass, though lower 'contrast' and with varying overlapping extent of shading. Accepted in black, blue, chocolate and lilac point colors.
Siamese sable (American fuzzy lop, Britannia Petite, Holland Lop, Jersey wooly, Lionhead, Netherland Dwarf) - aaB-chl(ch/c)D-E- preferred and most common. Light seals (aaB-chlchlD-E-) and dark sable points (aaB-chl-D-ee) may be mistaken for siamese sable. chm is rare in these breeds, but if present would pass. aaB-chd-D-ee would likely be faulted for lacking the cream tone and gradual shading.
Siamese smoke pearl (American fuzzy lop and Netherland dwarf) - dilute of the siamese sable, with dd substituting for D-.
Sable (American sable, English-, French-, and Satin- angoras, English-, French-, and Mini-lops, Minirex, and Rex) - aaB-chl(ch/c)D-E- most common and preferred. Light seals (aaB-chlchlD-E-) and dark sable points (aaB-chl-D-ee) may be mistaken for sable. chm is rare in most breeds, but if present would likely pass. aaB-chd-D-ee would likely be faulted for lacking the cream tone and gradual shading.
Smoke Pearl - dilute of sable aaB-chl(ch/c)ddE- most common and preferred. Darker blue points (aaB-cchl-ddee) may pass for smoke pearl.
Frosted Pearl (English, French and MiniLops) - aachd-ee accepted in black, blue, chocolate and lilac
Black Pearl (English, French and Satin Angoras) - aaB-chd-D-ee
Blue Pearl (English, French and Satin Angoras) - aaB-chd-ddee or aaB-chm-ddee or aaB-chl-ddee
Chocolate Pearl (English, French and Satin Angoras) - aabbchd-D-ee, aabbchm-D-ee, or aabbchl-D-ee (note eye colors are frequently 'off color' - purple or green - in bbcchl- genotypes).
Lilac Pearl (English, French and Satin Angoras) - aabbchd-ddee, aabbchm-ddee, or aabbchl-ddee.
Sable Pearl (English, French and Satin Angoras) - aaB-chm-D-ee, aaB-chl-D-ee
Sable point - aaB-chl(ch/c)D-ee. Very light sables (aaB-chl-D-E-) may be mistaken for sable point. aaB-chm-D-ee possible, but rare in most breeds.
Sallander - aa--chd---ee While not an ARBA accepted color name, this is accepted in other countries. Many breeds which DO NOT accept Siamese/Frosted Pearl/Pearl refer to this (unshowable) color as sallander
Variably written and Tortoise, Tortoiseshell and Tortoise Shell - aaC-ee:
Tortoise (Dutch) - aaB-C-D-ee (Dutch accept this color only in the black variety)
Tortoise (Britannia Petite, English spot, Holland, English, French & Mini-lops, Lionhead, Minirex, Minisatin) - in black, blue, chocolate and lilac - aa--C---ee
Tortoise Shell (American Fuzzy lops, Jersey wooly, Netherland Dwarf) - aa--C---ee
Tortoiseshell (French, English, French, & Satin Angoras) - aa--C---ee
Cinnamon (Cinnamon) - aaB-C-D-ee + modifiers ... note outside the breed cinnamon, this name is sometimes used to refer to unshowable chocolate agoutis.
Californian (Californian, Rex) - aaB-ch-D-E- (allowed in black only)
Himalayan (Himalayan, Britannia Petite, Minirex, Minisatin, Netherland Dwarf, and Satin) - aa--ch---E- showable in black, blue, chocolate and lilac
Pointed (American Fuzzy lop, French, English, and Satin angoras, Jersey wooly, Holland & Mini-lops) - aa--ch---E- showable in black, blue, chocolate and lilac.
Siamese (Satin and Minisatin ONLY) - aachd-ee preferred and most common. aaB-chm-D-ee and aaB-chm-D-E- and aaB-chl-D-E- are similar color and likely to pass, though lower 'contrast' and with varying overlapping extent of shading. Accepted in black, blue, chocolate and lilac point colors.
Siamese sable (American fuzzy lop, Britannia Petite, Holland Lop, Jersey wooly, Lionhead, Netherland Dwarf) - aaB-chl(ch/c)D-E- preferred and most common. Light seals (aaB-chlchlD-E-) and dark sable points (aaB-chl-D-ee) may be mistaken for siamese sable. chm is rare in these breeds, but if present would pass. aaB-chd-D-ee would likely be faulted for lacking the cream tone and gradual shading.
Siamese smoke pearl (American fuzzy lop and Netherland dwarf) - dilute of the siamese sable, with dd substituting for D-.
Sable (American sable, English-, French-, and Satin- angoras, English-, French-, and Mini-lops, Minirex, and Rex) - aaB-chl(ch/c)D-E- most common and preferred. Light seals (aaB-chlchlD-E-) and dark sable points (aaB-chl-D-ee) may be mistaken for sable. chm is rare in most breeds, but if present would likely pass. aaB-chd-D-ee would likely be faulted for lacking the cream tone and gradual shading.
Smoke Pearl - dilute of sable aaB-chl(ch/c)ddE- most common and preferred. Darker blue points (aaB-cchl-ddee) may pass for smoke pearl.
Frosted Pearl (English, French and MiniLops) - aachd-ee accepted in black, blue, chocolate and lilac
Black Pearl (English, French and Satin Angoras) - aaB-chd-D-ee
Blue Pearl (English, French and Satin Angoras) - aaB-chd-ddee or aaB-chm-ddee or aaB-chl-ddee
Chocolate Pearl (English, French and Satin Angoras) - aabbchd-D-ee, aabbchm-D-ee, or aabbchl-D-ee (note eye colors are frequently 'off color' - purple or green - in bbcchl- genotypes).
Lilac Pearl (English, French and Satin Angoras) - aabbchd-ddee, aabbchm-ddee, or aabbchl-ddee.
Sable Pearl (English, French and Satin Angoras) - aaB-chm-D-ee, aaB-chl-D-ee
Sable point - aaB-chl(ch/c)D-ee. Very light sables (aaB-chl-D-E-) may be mistaken for sable point. aaB-chm-D-ee possible, but rare in most breeds.
Sallander - aa--chd---ee While not an ARBA accepted color name, this is accepted in other countries. Many breeds which DO NOT accept Siamese/Frosted Pearl/Pearl refer to this (unshowable) color as sallander
Variably written and Tortoise, Tortoiseshell and Tortoise Shell - aaC-ee:
Tortoise (Dutch) - aaB-C-D-ee (Dutch accept this color only in the black variety)
Tortoise (Britannia Petite, English spot, Holland, English, French & Mini-lops, Lionhead, Minirex, Minisatin) - in black, blue, chocolate and lilac - aa--C---ee
Tortoise Shell (American Fuzzy lops, Jersey wooly, Netherland Dwarf) - aa--C---ee
Tortoiseshell (French, English, French, & Satin Angoras) - aa--C---ee
Cinnamon (Cinnamon) - aaB-C-D-ee + modifiers ... note outside the breed cinnamon, this name is sometimes used to refer to unshowable chocolate agoutis.
Californian (Californian, Rex) - aaB-ch-D-E- (allowed in black only)
Himalayan (Himalayan, Britannia Petite, Minirex, Minisatin, Netherland Dwarf, and Satin) - aa--ch---E- showable in black, blue, chocolate and lilac
Pointed (American Fuzzy lop, French, English, and Satin angoras, Jersey wooly, Holland & Mini-lops) - aa--ch---E- showable in black, blue, chocolate and lilac.
- Seals are included with the self chart above and shaded martens with tan pattern below.
Tan Pattern (Tans and Martens)
Tan (Tan, Netherland Dwarf and Belgian Hare) - at---C---E- + rufus modifiers
Otter (American Fuzzy lop, Britannia Petite, Holland lop, Jersey wooly, Minirex, Minisatin, Netherland Dwarf, Rex and Satin) - at---C---E- accepted in black, blue, chocolate and lilac.
Silver marten (Jersey wooly, Minirex, Minisatin, Netherland Dwarf) at---chd---E- accepted in black, blue, chocolate and lilac
Silver marten (Silver Marten) - at---chd---E- OR at---chl---E- accepted in black, blue, chocolate, lilac and sable. sable version is temperature sensitive due to chl allele.
Sable marten (Britannia petite, Jersey wooly, Netherland Dwarf, Minirex) - at-B-chl-D-E- chm version would pass. chl and chm are temperature sensitive
Smoke pearl marten (Jersey wooly, Netherland dwarf and Minirex) at-B-chl-ddE- chm version would pass. chl and chm are temperature sensitive
Otter (American Fuzzy lop, Britannia Petite, Holland lop, Jersey wooly, Minirex, Minisatin, Netherland Dwarf, Rex and Satin) - at---C---E- accepted in black, blue, chocolate and lilac.
Silver marten (Jersey wooly, Minirex, Minisatin, Netherland Dwarf) at---chd---E- accepted in black, blue, chocolate and lilac
Silver marten (Silver Marten) - at---chd---E- OR at---chl---E- accepted in black, blue, chocolate, lilac and sable. sable version is temperature sensitive due to chl allele.
Sable marten (Britannia petite, Jersey wooly, Netherland Dwarf, Minirex) - at-B-chl-D-E- chm version would pass. chl and chm are temperature sensitive
Smoke pearl marten (Jersey wooly, Netherland dwarf and Minirex) at-B-chl-ddE- chm version would pass. chl and chm are temperature sensitive
Agoutis
Chestnut Agouti (Britannia Petite, Holland) - A-B-C-D-E-
Chestnut Agouti (English, French, and Mini-lops) - A---C-D-E- Both black and chocolate based are showable as chestnut agouti.
Chestnut (American Fuzzy Lop, French, English and Satin angoras, Jersey wooly, Netherland Dwarf) - A-B-C-D-E-
Rufus (Belgian Hare) - A-B-C-D-E- ww
Castor (Rex & Minirex) - A-B-C-D-E-
Copper (French, English and Satin Angoras) - A-B-C-D-E- + rufus and usually + ww (name used typically with the satin angoras)
Copper (Satin and Minisatin) - A-B-C-D-E-
Sandy (Flemish Giant) - A-B-C-D-E-
Brown (Silver) - A-B-C-D-E- sisi
Gray (Dutch) - A-B-C-D-E- dudu + modifiers
Gray (English spot) A-B-C-D-E- + modifiers to add tan tips or A-B-C-D-Es- + modifiers to get proper tipping and agouti marks.
Wild Gray (angora) - A-B-C-D-E- + modifiers. An older name used in angoras to describe a low rufus chestnut. The current SOP does not distinguish and these would be shown as chestnut.
Opal (AFL, English, French and Satin angoras, Holland-, English-, French-, & Mini-lops, Jersey wooly, Minirex, Minisatin, Netherland Dwarfs, Rex) - A-B-C-ddE-
Chocolate Agouti (American fuzzy lop, English, French and Satin angoras, Holland lop, Minisatin, Natherland dwarf) - A-bbC-D-E-
Amber (Rex & Minirex) - A-bbC-D-E-
Cinnamon - while an accepted color name ONLY in the breed cinnamon, where it is a tort, many breeds in which chocolate agouti is NOT an accepted color will refer to them as cinnamons.
Lynx (Rex) - A-bbC-ddE- + ww OR A-bbC-ddee + modifiers to add tipping
Lynx (AFL, English, French and Satin angoras, Holland-, English-, French-, & Mini-lops, Minirex, Minisatin, Netherland Dwarf, Palomino) - A-bbC-ddE-
Chinchilla (AFL, English, French and Satin angoras, American Chinchilla, Giant Chinchilla, Standard chinchilla, Dutch, Holland lop, Jersey wooly, Minirex, minisatin, Netherland dwarf, Rex, Satin) - A-B-chd-D-E-
Chinchilla (English, French and Minilops) - A---chd---E- or A---chl---E- showable in black, blue, chocolate, lilac, sable and smoke pearl.
Light Gray (Flemish Giant) - A-B-chd-D-E-
Squirrel (AFL, English, French and Satin angoras, Holland lop, Jersey wooly, Netherland dwarf) - A-B-chd-ddE-
Chocolate Chinchilla (English, French and Satin angoras, Holland lop) - A-bbchd-D-E-
Lilac Chinchilla (English, French and Satin angoras) - A-bbchd-ddE-
Shagouti (aka shaded agouti) - A---chl---E- common name for these genotypes in breeds where they are not showable. Sable chinchilla is a subset of this group which is showable in English, French and Mini-lops.
Steels -- most steel are A-EsE. aa tends to eliminate tip color. Ese is typically darker (less to no tipping), Esej tends to have uneven color. Wideband (W- versus ww) may influence tip length as well, potentially restoring tip color to Ese.:
Steel Gray (Flemish Giant) A-B-chd-D-Es- (note that the Flemish standard for steel gray is unique in calling for a lighter belly color - this is believed to be under modifier influence)
Steel (Netherland Dwarf) A-C-Es- (note in Netherland Dwarfs steels must have the GOLD tips)
Steel (Dutch) A-B-C-D-Es- OR A-B-chd-D-Es- + dudu + modifiers - note that steel Dutch allow for white or cream tips with a fault for 'brassy' color. Good GTS Dutch have modifiers for low rufus.
Steel (English, French and Satin Angora) A-B-C-D-Es- OR A-B-chd-D-Es- allowed with gold or silver tips
Blue Steel (English, French and Satin Angora) A-B-C-ddEs- OR A-B-chd-ddEs- allowed with gold or silver tips
Chocolate Steel (English, French and Satin Angora) A-bbC-D-Es- OR A-bbchd-D-Es- allowed with gold or silver tips
Lilac Steel (English, French and Satin Angora) A-bbC-ddEs- OR A-bbchd-ddEs- allowed with gold or silver tips
Steel (Holland Lops) - A---C---Es- or A---chd---Es- allowed in black, blue, chocolate, or lilac with gold or silver tips
Steel (English-, French-, and Mini-lops) - A---C---Es- or A---chd---Es- or A---chl---Es- allowed in black, blue, chocolate, lilac, sable or smoke pearl with gold or silver tips
Shadow lutino (Netherland dwarf) - A-?-C-D-E- + pp (most will likely be black-based to get the surface color as dark as possible)
Chestnut Agouti (English, French, and Mini-lops) - A---C-D-E- Both black and chocolate based are showable as chestnut agouti.
Chestnut (American Fuzzy Lop, French, English and Satin angoras, Jersey wooly, Netherland Dwarf) - A-B-C-D-E-
Rufus (Belgian Hare) - A-B-C-D-E- ww
Castor (Rex & Minirex) - A-B-C-D-E-
Copper (French, English and Satin Angoras) - A-B-C-D-E- + rufus and usually + ww (name used typically with the satin angoras)
Copper (Satin and Minisatin) - A-B-C-D-E-
Sandy (Flemish Giant) - A-B-C-D-E-
Brown (Silver) - A-B-C-D-E- sisi
Gray (Dutch) - A-B-C-D-E- dudu + modifiers
Gray (English spot) A-B-C-D-E- + modifiers to add tan tips or A-B-C-D-Es- + modifiers to get proper tipping and agouti marks.
Wild Gray (angora) - A-B-C-D-E- + modifiers. An older name used in angoras to describe a low rufus chestnut. The current SOP does not distinguish and these would be shown as chestnut.
Opal (AFL, English, French and Satin angoras, Holland-, English-, French-, & Mini-lops, Jersey wooly, Minirex, Minisatin, Netherland Dwarfs, Rex) - A-B-C-ddE-
Chocolate Agouti (American fuzzy lop, English, French and Satin angoras, Holland lop, Minisatin, Natherland dwarf) - A-bbC-D-E-
Amber (Rex & Minirex) - A-bbC-D-E-
Cinnamon - while an accepted color name ONLY in the breed cinnamon, where it is a tort, many breeds in which chocolate agouti is NOT an accepted color will refer to them as cinnamons.
Lynx (Rex) - A-bbC-ddE- + ww OR A-bbC-ddee + modifiers to add tipping
Lynx (AFL, English, French and Satin angoras, Holland-, English-, French-, & Mini-lops, Minirex, Minisatin, Netherland Dwarf, Palomino) - A-bbC-ddE-
Chinchilla (AFL, English, French and Satin angoras, American Chinchilla, Giant Chinchilla, Standard chinchilla, Dutch, Holland lop, Jersey wooly, Minirex, minisatin, Netherland dwarf, Rex, Satin) - A-B-chd-D-E-
Chinchilla (English, French and Minilops) - A---chd---E- or A---chl---E- showable in black, blue, chocolate, lilac, sable and smoke pearl.
Light Gray (Flemish Giant) - A-B-chd-D-E-
Squirrel (AFL, English, French and Satin angoras, Holland lop, Jersey wooly, Netherland dwarf) - A-B-chd-ddE-
Chocolate Chinchilla (English, French and Satin angoras, Holland lop) - A-bbchd-D-E-
Lilac Chinchilla (English, French and Satin angoras) - A-bbchd-ddE-
Shagouti (aka shaded agouti) - A---chl---E- common name for these genotypes in breeds where they are not showable. Sable chinchilla is a subset of this group which is showable in English, French and Mini-lops.
Steels -- most steel are A-EsE. aa tends to eliminate tip color. Ese is typically darker (less to no tipping), Esej tends to have uneven color. Wideband (W- versus ww) may influence tip length as well, potentially restoring tip color to Ese.:
Steel Gray (Flemish Giant) A-B-chd-D-Es- (note that the Flemish standard for steel gray is unique in calling for a lighter belly color - this is believed to be under modifier influence)
Steel (Netherland Dwarf) A-C-Es- (note in Netherland Dwarfs steels must have the GOLD tips)
Steel (Dutch) A-B-C-D-Es- OR A-B-chd-D-Es- + dudu + modifiers - note that steel Dutch allow for white or cream tips with a fault for 'brassy' color. Good GTS Dutch have modifiers for low rufus.
Steel (English, French and Satin Angora) A-B-C-D-Es- OR A-B-chd-D-Es- allowed with gold or silver tips
Blue Steel (English, French and Satin Angora) A-B-C-ddEs- OR A-B-chd-ddEs- allowed with gold or silver tips
Chocolate Steel (English, French and Satin Angora) A-bbC-D-Es- OR A-bbchd-D-Es- allowed with gold or silver tips
Lilac Steel (English, French and Satin Angora) A-bbC-ddEs- OR A-bbchd-ddEs- allowed with gold or silver tips
Steel (Holland Lops) - A---C---Es- or A---chd---Es- allowed in black, blue, chocolate, or lilac with gold or silver tips
Steel (English-, French-, and Mini-lops) - A---C---Es- or A---chd---Es- or A---chl---Es- allowed in black, blue, chocolate, lilac, sable or smoke pearl with gold or silver tips
Shadow lutino (Netherland dwarf) - A-?-C-D-E- + pp (most will likely be black-based to get the surface color as dark as possible)
Wideband Colors
Red (English, French and Satin Angora, Holland-, English-, French-, and Mini-lops, Minirex, Minisatin, New Zealand, Rex, Satin) - A-B-C-D-ee + ww + modifiers. Although color is usually not as intense on the chocolate base, some breeds bb may pass for red and in some it may actually be preferred.
Red (Thrianta) A-B-C-D-ee + ww + modifiers OR A-bbC-D-ee + ww + modifiers OR at-B-C-D-ee + ww + modifiers OR at-bbC-D-ee + ww + modifiers Thriantas include modifiers to darken the agouti marks to achieve as close as possible to a self red.
Fawn (English, French and Satin Angora, Holland-, English-, French-, and Mini-lops, Silver) brown eyes, white undercolor - A---C-D-ee + ww
Fawn (Flemish giant) brown eyes, cream undercolor - A---C-D-ee + ww + rufus
Fawn (AFL, Netherland Dwarf) blue-grey eyes, undercolor off-white - A---C-ddee + ww
Orange (AFL, Creme d'argent, Jersey wooly, Holland-, English-, French-, and Mini-lops, Netherland dwarf) - A---C-D-ee + ww
Orange lutino (Netherland dwarf) - A---C-D-ee +ww +pp
Gold (English spot) - A---C---ee + ww
Golden (Palomino) - A---C---ee + ww
Cream (English, French and Satin Angora, Holland-, English-, French-, and Mini-lops) - A---C-ddee + ww
Frosted Pearl (English-, French-, and Mini-lops) - A---chd---ee Although included in the wideband group, Frosted pearl lops typically do NOT have the wideband gene as the standard calls for significant 'even tipping giving a frosted appearance' which would be reduced by the wideband gene.
Frosty (Czech frosty, Holland lop) - A-B-chd-D-ee
Ermine - A---chd---ee OR A---chm---ee OR A---chl---ee common name for these genotypes in breeds where the color is unshowable. Also commonly used when the tipping is minimized so as to give the appearance of dark-eyed white.
Tort otter - at---C---ee the 'residual shading' of a non-showable tort otter is easily mistaken for a smutty red/orange in many breeds.
Red (Thrianta) A-B-C-D-ee + ww + modifiers OR A-bbC-D-ee + ww + modifiers OR at-B-C-D-ee + ww + modifiers OR at-bbC-D-ee + ww + modifiers Thriantas include modifiers to darken the agouti marks to achieve as close as possible to a self red.
Fawn (English, French and Satin Angora, Holland-, English-, French-, and Mini-lops, Silver) brown eyes, white undercolor - A---C-D-ee + ww
Fawn (Flemish giant) brown eyes, cream undercolor - A---C-D-ee + ww + rufus
Fawn (AFL, Netherland Dwarf) blue-grey eyes, undercolor off-white - A---C-ddee + ww
Orange (AFL, Creme d'argent, Jersey wooly, Holland-, English-, French-, and Mini-lops, Netherland dwarf) - A---C-D-ee + ww
Orange lutino (Netherland dwarf) - A---C-D-ee +ww +pp
Gold (English spot) - A---C---ee + ww
Golden (Palomino) - A---C---ee + ww
Cream (English, French and Satin Angora, Holland-, English-, French-, and Mini-lops) - A---C-ddee + ww
Frosted Pearl (English-, French-, and Mini-lops) - A---chd---ee Although included in the wideband group, Frosted pearl lops typically do NOT have the wideband gene as the standard calls for significant 'even tipping giving a frosted appearance' which would be reduced by the wideband gene.
Frosty (Czech frosty, Holland lop) - A-B-chd-D-ee
Ermine - A---chd---ee OR A---chm---ee OR A---chl---ee common name for these genotypes in breeds where the color is unshowable. Also commonly used when the tipping is minimized so as to give the appearance of dark-eyed white.
Tort otter - at---C---ee the 'residual shading' of a non-showable tort otter is easily mistaken for a smutty red/orange in many breeds.
Marked
Harlequin (Showable in Harlequin Only) - Harlequin pattern is caused by an alternative allele of the E-series (ej). ej is codominant with the other E-series alleles and interacts with the A-series genotypes.
A-ejej and A-eje + modifiers (and developmental chance) give correctly marked harlequins in which eumelanin and phaeomelanin based patches alternate forming bands and bars.
Black Japanese are black/orange B-C-D-.
Blue Japanese are blue/fawn B-C-dd.
Chocolate Japanese are chocolate/orange bbC-D-.
Lilac Japanese are lilac/fawn bbC-dd.
Black magpie are black/white B-chd-D-.
Blue magpie are blue/white B-chd-dd.
Chocolate magpie are chocolate/white bbchd-D-.
Lilac magpie are lilac/white bbchd-dd.
In breeds which do not accept harlequin pattern (everything except Harlequin), the pattern is generally called harlequin rather than Japanese - and magpies are frequently considered (mistaken for) broken.
Torted harlequin - aaeje have shading overlaid and indistinct patches. at-eje may also have shading overlaid.
Harlequinized agouti (aka harlequinized chestnut, harlequinized castor, etc) - A-Eej are agouti rabbits with irregular dark patches (patches of agouti and black).
Harlequinized otter - at-Eej look mostly otter, but black patches may cross and obscure the agouti marks and belly.
Sable magpies (substituting cchl for cchd) exist and may mimic torting. Sable magpies are not showable in any breed.
Broken - Enen En is codominant ... EnEn gives a pattern typically with less than 10% color called charlie which is not showable in any breed. Enen gives a variety of patterns (dependent on modifiers) ranging 10-90% color. enen gives a solid color (may include white due to other genes such as in C-series chinchilla, pearl, etc). In general, breeds which allow broken as a variety allow ALL colors of broken that are accepted for that breed. Some may have additional specific pattern requirements (E.g., over/under 50% color, required balance, nose markings, butterfly, colored ears, etc)
En/en are NOT alleles of the E-series.
Blanc De Hotot and Dwarf Hotot are genetic Charlie (EnEn) with Dutch modifiers (Dudu preferred for wide eyebands) and other modifiers working to restrict color to only the eye bands.
Hotot mismarks include:
Piebald - Term used in Hotots for a 'dutch type' mismark - dudu with Enen or enen
Silver pied - A piebald with silvering.
Boxer - only 1 eye band ... probably missing a modifier that affects symmetry. possibly ej or vienna affecting symmetry.
Bernhard - solid white - no eye markings - EnEn dudu plus other modifiers
Checkered Giants, English spots, and Rhinelander are genetic broken (Enen) with modifiers to produce extremely specific patterns. Because they are heterozygotes, they will regularly produce unshowable 'sports' in solid and charlie.
Booted - Enen plus modifiers. A rabbit in which the white markings are <10% and typically only on the feet. Showable only in New Zealands (which do not have a restriction on minimum amount of white in brokens).
Blanket - 50-90% color, usually with most of the back colored. Showable in most breeds that accept broken. Enen plus modifiers.
Spotted - 10-50% color, with the color in disconnected patches/spots. Showable in most breeds that accept broken.
Butterfly - a balanced nose marking in a butterfly shape. Due to Enen plus modifiers.
Tricolor - produced by a combination of the japanese harlequin (ej-) and broken (Enen). Tricolors are accepted in Holland, English, French and Mini- lops, Minirex, and Rex) torted tricolors may lack the even distribution' necessary to show well, though not otherwise a disqualification.
Dutch - Dutch is caused by a co-dominant allele in which correct markings are produced by the homozygous dudu PLUS modifiers. Heterozygous Dudu frequently have only small white snips, but range upwards to nearly the full Dutch markings. Du/du are NOT alleles of the D-series. Historically, multiple dutch genes have been identified (e.g., dud, duw) -- most modern Dutch are duwduw.
Vienna-marked - vienna is discussed with blue-eyed white above. Vv genotypes give a pattern which ranges from no white (aka vienna carrier) to the common small white snip on the nose or blaze to full 'dutch-type' markings. Vienna-marked are not showable in ARBA, though common in any breed that allows BEW.
A-ejej and A-eje + modifiers (and developmental chance) give correctly marked harlequins in which eumelanin and phaeomelanin based patches alternate forming bands and bars.
Black Japanese are black/orange B-C-D-.
Blue Japanese are blue/fawn B-C-dd.
Chocolate Japanese are chocolate/orange bbC-D-.
Lilac Japanese are lilac/fawn bbC-dd.
Black magpie are black/white B-chd-D-.
Blue magpie are blue/white B-chd-dd.
Chocolate magpie are chocolate/white bbchd-D-.
Lilac magpie are lilac/white bbchd-dd.
In breeds which do not accept harlequin pattern (everything except Harlequin), the pattern is generally called harlequin rather than Japanese - and magpies are frequently considered (mistaken for) broken.
Torted harlequin - aaeje have shading overlaid and indistinct patches. at-eje may also have shading overlaid.
Harlequinized agouti (aka harlequinized chestnut, harlequinized castor, etc) - A-Eej are agouti rabbits with irregular dark patches (patches of agouti and black).
Harlequinized otter - at-Eej look mostly otter, but black patches may cross and obscure the agouti marks and belly.
Sable magpies (substituting cchl for cchd) exist and may mimic torting. Sable magpies are not showable in any breed.
Broken - Enen En is codominant ... EnEn gives a pattern typically with less than 10% color called charlie which is not showable in any breed. Enen gives a variety of patterns (dependent on modifiers) ranging 10-90% color. enen gives a solid color (may include white due to other genes such as in C-series chinchilla, pearl, etc). In general, breeds which allow broken as a variety allow ALL colors of broken that are accepted for that breed. Some may have additional specific pattern requirements (E.g., over/under 50% color, required balance, nose markings, butterfly, colored ears, etc)
En/en are NOT alleles of the E-series.
Blanc De Hotot and Dwarf Hotot are genetic Charlie (EnEn) with Dutch modifiers (Dudu preferred for wide eyebands) and other modifiers working to restrict color to only the eye bands.
Hotot mismarks include:
Piebald - Term used in Hotots for a 'dutch type' mismark - dudu with Enen or enen
Silver pied - A piebald with silvering.
Boxer - only 1 eye band ... probably missing a modifier that affects symmetry. possibly ej or vienna affecting symmetry.
Bernhard - solid white - no eye markings - EnEn dudu plus other modifiers
Checkered Giants, English spots, and Rhinelander are genetic broken (Enen) with modifiers to produce extremely specific patterns. Because they are heterozygotes, they will regularly produce unshowable 'sports' in solid and charlie.
Booted - Enen plus modifiers. A rabbit in which the white markings are <10% and typically only on the feet. Showable only in New Zealands (which do not have a restriction on minimum amount of white in brokens).
Blanket - 50-90% color, usually with most of the back colored. Showable in most breeds that accept broken. Enen plus modifiers.
Spotted - 10-50% color, with the color in disconnected patches/spots. Showable in most breeds that accept broken.
Butterfly - a balanced nose marking in a butterfly shape. Due to Enen plus modifiers.
Tricolor - produced by a combination of the japanese harlequin (ej-) and broken (Enen). Tricolors are accepted in Holland, English, French and Mini- lops, Minirex, and Rex) torted tricolors may lack the even distribution' necessary to show well, though not otherwise a disqualification.
Dutch - Dutch is caused by a co-dominant allele in which correct markings are produced by the homozygous dudu PLUS modifiers. Heterozygous Dudu frequently have only small white snips, but range upwards to nearly the full Dutch markings. Du/du are NOT alleles of the D-series. Historically, multiple dutch genes have been identified (e.g., dud, duw) -- most modern Dutch are duwduw.
Vienna-marked - vienna is discussed with blue-eyed white above. Vv genotypes give a pattern which ranges from no white (aka vienna carrier) to the common small white snip on the nose or blaze to full 'dutch-type' markings. Vienna-marked are not showable in ARBA, though common in any breed that allows BEW.